BN-G-UC004 Field Construction Safety, Health, Welfare and Environmental (SHWE) Program Full

Table of Contents

1. Introduction
2. Company Safety, Health, Welfare and Environmental Policy
3. Company Safety, Health, Welfare and Environmental Program
4. Subcontractor's Site Safety, Health, Welfare and Environmental Plan
5. References
6. Attachments

1. Introduction

This safety, health, welfare and environmental program forms the basic program applicable to all Company construction projects. It establishes and provides workable guidelines, identifies authorities and responsibilities, rules and regulations that site management must use in establishing, administering and maintaining job site safety in all its aspects, a primary essential to all construction projects.

Where practical in this program the words safety, health, welfare and environmental will be abbreviated to SHWE.

A project/job site specific SHWE Plan will be prepared that will be based on the requirements of this program.

As required, the job site SHWE plan will be adapted to incorporate local authority and/or client's requirements.

2. Company Safety, Health, Welfare and Environmental Policy

It is Company’s policy to ensure that each employee at site works in safe and healthful conditions and that the environment is protected. It is Company’s objective to have an accident-free site.

To accomplish this, Company has its SHWE program, the purpose is primarily preventive.

Company aims to provide a work environment in which accidents cannot happen. Conditions that could cause accidents must be located, defined and corrected in a timely manner by means of conducting Risk Analyses in order to accomplish this aim.

The preservation and conservation of the human and material assets of all parties, by control of hazards, working conditions and the environment has management's highest priority support and participation.

Full cooperation in the SHWE program by all personnel on the site in the performance of their activities is expected at all times. Personnel may be subject to disciplinary action for infractions of the relevant rules and regulations.

Also refer to the Instructions to Bidders, General Conditions of Subcontract and Safety, Health, Welfare and Environmental Policy and Site Regulations that are part of Company’s standard subcontract package.

3. Company Safety, Health, Welfare and Environmental Program

3.1 Purpose and Scope

To establish a program for construction projects to execute these in a safe, healthy and practical manner with awareness of conditions to the benefit of all employees and the environment.

To define areas of responsibility and authority relative to operational, administrative and auditing duties.

To be aware of clients and authority requirements, for a comprehensive approach to providing information to all parties, as required.

3.2. General Requirements

3.2.1 Home office

The Manager Construction in the Company home office construction department shall ensure continuing management support of the SHWE program and monitor its implementation and execution on all Company construction projects by means of regular SHWE audits (ref. 5.2, 5.6 and 5.7). He will discuss his findings with the Project Construction Manager and the Safety Engineer and provide guidance and advice as required. He keeps the Company management abreast of general and specific safety activities and safety performance.

Prior to commencing activities at the job site, a list of bidders for construction subcontracts has to be compiled by the procurement department.

One of the requirements for the inclusion of construction subcontractors in a bidders list is that they have good safety records and have the required SHWE procedures and trained personnel.

Included in a construction subcontract package or a supply and erect order for packaged equipment will be the General Conditions of Subcontract respectively the General Conditions for Construction Work for Supply and Erect Orders (ref. 5.4, respectively 5.8). These also refer to the safety requirements at the job site, and the Safety, Health, Welfare and Environmental Policy, Safety Rules and Site Regulations (ref. 5.3) that outline the safety, health, welfare and environmental policies as well as the site regulations that are applicable at the job site.

These policies and regulations are Company standard documents that will be duly amended or replaced to incorporate the applicable client's as well as national rules and regulations as they apply to safety, health, welfare and environment. The General Conditions of Subcontract also require the subcontractor to submit to Company his site safety plan for approval. In the Instructions to Bidders part of the subcontract package, bidders are requested to include with their bids, their safety statistics from previous projects, company safety policy, details of safety training and resumes of their proposed safety representatives.

At pre-award/bid clarification meetings, the subcontractor has to satisfy Company with regard to his safety competence and must propose a safety representative that has the required qualifications and experience. The proposed safety representative will be interviewed by Company and Company will advise subcontractor if the proposed safety representative is acceptable.

3.2.2 Site

The prime responsibility for safety, health, welfare and a protected environment on site rests with the Project Construction Manager.

Responsibility for the implementation, acceptance and enforcement of the SHWE program is with the construction line supervision. They are the key to the effective prevention of accidents and the preservation of the environment through effective control of site operations.

The Safety Engineer has responsibility in providing management and line supervision with the necessary services, guidance and promotion activities relating to an effective SHWE program.

Prior to commencement of work at the job site a kick-off meeting is held at the job site with the successful subcontractor. The SHWE rules and regulations and security for the site are discussed, as well as the submission to Company by the subcontractor of his project specific SHWE plan for approval.

Before a subcontractor's labor commences work at site the subcontractor must submit to Company up to date copies of the required Workmen's Compensation, Liability Insurance and Automobile and Motorized Equipment Insurance and also up to date test certificates for construction equipment to be utilized at the site.

Each subcontractor must see to it that its line management on the site is properly aware of their safety responsibility and that the safety requirements be communicated to their labor.

3.3 Risk/Hazard Analyses and Critical Tasks

For each project, risk/hazard identification and analysis will be conducted for all circumstances in relation to the specific construction activities. These identifications/ analyses will continue to be made during the various phases of the project:

• Proposal/Estimating Phase

A first assessment of risks will already be made during this phase, in order to include the results in estimates and execution plans as required.

During this phase the first risk analyses will be carried out by the Estimator, the Planning Engineer and the Engineering Department, together with a Construction Coordinator.

• Home Office Construction Phase

The assigned Project Construction Manager or his delegate will perform constructability reviews with and provide construction expertise to Engineering. During such reviews Risk Analysis will continue to be performed. The results of such analyses, will be included in the subcontract bid documents as required, for the subcontractors to be aware of risks that will affect their work. The Project Construction Manager or his delegate will ensure inclusion in the subcontract.

• Site Construction Phase

During this stage of the project further risk analyses will be performed to cover the specific risks as they may occur during execution of the various construction disciplines.

Critical tasks prior to being executed, must be recorded and described (see form REC26023). The execution of critical tasks must be regularly observed and observations and/or actions taken must also be recorded on this form. This provides a means of controlling proper execution of the critical tasks as well as means of recording “lessons learned” that shall be applied in the execution of future similar critical tasks (see form REC28004).

3.4 Responsibilities

3.4.1 The Company Safety Engineer at site is a key person in all site safety activities. His responsibilities include the following:

• Reports directly to the Project Construction Manager.

• Conducts risk analyses of circumstances of all construction activities prior to their commencing on site during the entire construction execution phase, in close cooperation with the site supervisory staff.

• Prepares and maintains the site SHWE plan.

• Ensures that all Company and subcontractor operations are carried out in a safe and environmentally protective manner.

• Reviews subcontractors SHWE plans and risk analyses and relates these with each other. Ensures that all Company, government and client regulations with regard to SHWE are properly addressed and carried out.

• Arranges an induction program stressing SHWE and security aspects for all personnel prior to them commencing work on the job site.

• Reviews the subjects for subcontractor "toolbox talks". Attends meetings on an adhoc basis and ensures follow up by subcontractor.

• Organizes regular safety meetings attended by Company, client and subcontractor representatives.

• Prepares monthly safety reports, including safety statistics of incidents/accidents, to be presented during the monthly safety meeting.

• Ensures that subcontractors inform all their personnel of the monthly incident/accident statistics.

• Leads the investigation of all accidents and injuries and ensures that reports are prepared in accordance with the procedures.

• May stop work that is not executed in a safe manner.

• Tours the site at least twice each working day.

• Conducts weekly safety site audits with all subcontractors safety representatives, follows up on all safety non-conformances and reports on actions taken during the weekly subcontractor progress meetings.

• Ensures that proper reports are issued to the Project Construction Manager.

• Maintains the site safety file.

3.4.2 Proper assignment of safety responsibility is necessary for an effective SHWE program. Some guidelines follow:

a. Company Supervision

• Ensure subcontractors use safe work procedures.

• Ensure that safety rules and regulations are complied with and enforced.

• Inspect construction area to ensure freedom from unsafe conditions. Take action immediately to rectify any unsafe condition.

• Review the Subcontractors’ Risk Analyses and assist the Safety Engineer in ensuring that work associated hazards are identified and addressed.

• Continually observe activities of subcontractors with respect to safety, the environment and housekeeping.

• Monitor that adequate "toolbox talks" are conducted by subcontractor supervision.

• Ensure that injuries and accidents receive prompt investigation and reporting and that the necessary corrective action is taken.

• Ensure that subcontractor's tools and equipment are safe and of the required standard.

• Ensure that subcontractor's labor does not commence work without the required permits (if applicable), protective clothing and equipment.

b. Subcontractor's Supervision and Safety Representative

• Conduct risk analyses for their scope of work before they start on site and submit to Company for review and approval as part of their SHWE plan.

• Enforce SHWE rules and regulations.

• Maintain safe working conditions in all areas. Take immediate action to remedy an unsafe condition.

• Enforce the use of protective equipment, such as hard hats, safety shoes, safety glasses, goggles, gloves, ear-protection, etc.

• Induct/instruct craft labor in SHWE procedures and methods.

• Conduct weekly "toolbox talks" pertinent to the work assignment.

• Check constantly for conditions that are likely to cause personal injury, property damage or damage to the environment.

• Check for the provision of rubbish bins and trash disposal containers or areas.

• Ensure that all working areas are cleared of rubbish daily.

• Provide first aid for minor injuries.

• Assign tools and equipment that are in safe and workable condition.

• Investigate and report all accidents to the Company Safety Engineer.

• Conduct regular audits of all construction tools and equipment to ensure that they are in good condition and safe to use. Check test certificates.

• Following monthly site safety meetings issue incident/accident statistics to all employees and discuss at toolbox meetings.

c. Watchman or Guard (outside working hours)

• Familiarize himself with the complete job site.

• During required rounds, check for any hazardous or unguarded holes or trenches as well as check on conditions that may affect the environment (spillage, leaks, etc.).

• Report gas, water or steam leaks, if observed.

• Check lighting of all areas and report any missing or burned out bulbs.

• Check for any fire hazards, such as accumulation of flammable materials and report, if any, to the Company Safety Engineer.

• Make sure that visitors going on site have the required hard hat and safety shoes.

d. Job Site Nurse or First Aid Attendant

• Report at the scene of an accident and give first aid whenever necessary.

• Treat injuries not requiring the attention of a doctor.

• Send injured employees to the doctor or hospital if necessary.

• Redress and treat old injuries as directed by the doctor.

• Maintain the daily Medical Log of all injuries and treatments.

• Assist the Safety Engineer or Office Manager in preparing reports pertinent to safety/first aid.

3.5 Authority

a. All Company site management personnel have the authority to stop work if an unsafe condition exists and to ensure that immediate remedial action is taken.

b. Subcontractors must ensure that their supervisors have the same authority to stop work and effect remedial action if an unsafe condition exists. Subcontractors' safety plans shall state this authority.

3.6 Company Site Safety, Health, Welfare and Environmental Plan

3.6.1 Preparation

a. A Company SHWE Plan for each project site must be developed. The purpose of subject Plan is to identify SHWE hazards and regulations pertinent to the particular site and client. For the template SHWE Plan see ref. 5.12.

b. The SHWE Plan shall reflect all appropriate client requirements/regulations and governmental safety rules/codes.

c. The SHWE Plan should be prepared and approved well before the start of site operations. It is the responsibility of the Project Manager to see that it is prepared on time. It is preferred that the Safety Engineer and/or the Project Construction Manager actually prepare the Plan. It should be prepared on the basis of the template in ref. 5.12. This template been based on and includes the requirements of this SHWE program.

3.6.2 Reviews/Approval

a. The initial SHWE plan shall be reviewed by the Manager Construction and the Manager Safety and approved by the Project Manager.

b. The Project Construction Manager and the Safety Engineer shall periodically review the SHWE Plan for any changes in the work or the working conditions or for other adjustments required.

c. During his periodic audits, the Manager Construction will review the SHWE Plan for compatibility with the particular phase of construction.

3.6.3 Distribution

The SHWE Plan shall have a wide distribution so that all concerned personnel are aware of its contents. All of Company’s field staff shall have a copy. The material it will contain will always be a good basis for toolbox and other safety meetings.

3.7 Safety Committee and Safety Meetings

3.7.1 Each site is required to have a Safety Committee.

The Company Project Construction Manager will serve as chairman of the Safety Committee. Reports of all meetings are to be prepared and distributed to members of the committee, to all Company and subcontractors' supervisors and to the Home Office.

The personnel suggested to serve on the Safety Committee are:

• Company Project Construction Manager

• Company Construction Superintendent

• Company Safety Engineer

• Client's Safety Engineer, if applicable

• Subcontractors' Safety Representatives and Site Managers

The Safety Committee shall meet at least once a month and, in addition, as required by the Project Construction Manager, each time there has been a major accident or special hazard situation.

During the regular monthly meetings the Company SHWE plan will be reviewed for compatability with the construction status. Furthermore the safety performance and accident statistics will be reviewed. As required, corrective action responsibility will be assigned.

3.7.2 Other Safety Meetings

a. Periodic/Weekly Meetings

In the periodic Company staff meetings and the weekly subcontractors' progress meetings, safety will be the first item on the agenda. The rectification of any subcontractors safety non-conformance will be discussed.

The Project Construction Manager and the Safety Engineer will review safety matters associated with the work of the subcontractor(s) with the subcontractor's Site Manager and Safety Representative. Minutes of meetings will be prepared and action items related to safety will be assigned as required.

b. Weekly "Toolbox" Meetings

Subcontractors must conduct weekly "toolbox" meetings on safety, health, welfare and environmental topics with their labor. The time, place and arrangement of these meetings are at the discretion of the subcontractor's Site Manager or Safety Representative. A monthly list of subjects to be discussed at the meetings must be submitted to Company prior to commencement. Record must be kept of all "toolbox" meetings stating subject and attendance (see forms REC26001 and REC26002).

3.8 Safety Induction and Motivation

3.8.1 Induction

All personnel upon start of employment at the site will be given a formal SHWE and security induction and will be presented with a copy of the site safety rules and regulations and advised of Company’s policy of expecting all personnel to comply with them. If applicable, included with the safety rules and regulations will be a site map showing mustering stations where personnel will locate with the sounding of gas/fire alarms.

At the time of induction, each person is instructed to report all injuries immediately to his supervisor and to get first aid for all cuts, bruises and scratches, no matter how slight they may be.

A record must be kept as to all personnel that received the induction.

3.8.2 Motivation

Personnel motivation is an important part of any safety and welfare program. Without the proper safety motivation, craft labor as well as supervisory staff tend to develop poor work habits and conditions. Safety, as the work progresses, is a step-by-step matter and must be continually stressed.

At the time of work assignment, the supervisors must evaluate and subsequently instruct workmen concerning any specific hazards involved with the work, such as shotblasting, gases, chemicals etc.

Personnel safety slogans and poster contests may be used with appropriate awards to help gain personnel safety consciousness.

In cooperation with the client and subcontractors a safety incentive scheme may be developed and implemented in order to create a competitive atmosphere among the subcontractors and their personnel.

Further information on motivation is found in chapter 3.16.

3.9 Personal Protective Clothing and Equipment

3.9.1 All employees shall wear hard hats and safety shoes. The subcontractors shall provide their own employees with the safety equipment required for their work. Special equipment, necessary for the safe performance of work, must be issued to workmen before work can start on a specific operation. The subcontractor's Site Manager and/or Safety Representative are responsible for determining the personal/additional protective equipment required for their work.

3.10 Safety Information

3.10.1 In addition to the Company SHWE Program, the following information is suggested for use:

• Governmental safety codes (Labor Inspection).
• Labor inspection pamphlets and publications.
• Safety institute publications (Nederlands Instituut voor Arbeidsomstandigheden "NIA") or equivalent.
• Client's safety regulations.
• Special site bulletins
• Special site bulletins.
• Bulletin boards.
• Miscellaneous visual aids as indicated below.

  Visual aids are a part of every accident prevention program. The more carefully they are selected, the better the results. Some of the visual aids that may be used are:

  a. Posters

  Posters are to be displayed at various locations throughout the site. A bulletin board near the entrance gate is an effective place to display safety posters. Posters are to be displayed in the change houses, field offices, warehouses and other obvious locations. Posters shall be changed periodically. Safety posters can be obtained from the "NIA" in the Netherlands. For other countries the local safety authorities should be contacted as to where posters and publications can be obtained. Also, consult with the Home Office Construction Department.

  b. Films

  Films are an asset in a construction accident prevention program, if applicable. Films are available through the Home Office Safety Department. For foreign countries the Safety Engineer should now make inquiries as to the local availability and source of films. Preferably films are shown as part of the safety induction program.

  c. Safety Signs

  Safety warning signs made of material that will withstand weather conditions are to be displayed throughout the site wherever physical hazards warrant their use. Special signs such as "Men Working Overhead" or "Falling Material" shall be removed from the area once the work is completed.

  d. Bulletin Boards

  Bulletin boards are used to advantage in displaying safety posters, safety bulletins and damaged safety protective equipment, such as safety glasses, hard hats and face shields that have prevented workers from being injured. Bulletin boards are not to be cluttered and the material they display shall be changed frequently.

  e. Gate Board
  
  Near the entrance of the site or at Company's work area a board displaying safety statistics must be placed. In this respect due observation has to be made of any client rules/instructions.
  
  Under the coordination of the Safety Engineer, it is the responsibility of each subcontractor to obtain and display safety information material.

3.11 Inspections

3.11.1 Safety Inspection Tours

Safety inspection tours are made by a number of qualified individuals. These individuals and the minimum frequency of their inspections are:

• Company's Safety Engineer and subcontractor Safety Representatives (daily).
• Company's Safety Engineer and subcontractors Safety Representatives jointly (weekly).
• Project Construction Manager and Safety Engineer (weekly).
• Manager Construction (when visiting the site).
  
  As a general guideline for inspection tours an Inspection checklist is available (see form REC26007).

  3.11.2 Reports

  The Safety Engineer shall include a summary of the inspections in a weekly report to the Project Construction Manager. In this report the principal unsafe conditions or acts that were observed during the preceding week and the corrections made or recommended are emphasized. This weekly report will be discussed during the weekly subcontractors progress meeting.

  A SHWE monthly report with safety statistics is to be submitted by the Safety Engineer to the Project Construction Manager, immediately following the established cut-off date for the month, for inclusion in the Project Construction Monthly Progress Report.

  Copies of these monthly SHWE reports are distributed to the Company supervisory personnel, the subcontractors' site managers and safety representatives and are to be discussed during the monthly safety meetings.

  3.11.4Safety Non-Conformance

  If there is a repetition of an unsafe condition by a subcontractor or if a serious unsafe situation arises, the Company Safety Engineer will serve a "Safety Non-Conformance" (see form REC26014) on the senior representative of the subcontractor. The form will also state when the non-conformance must be rectified. Disciplinary action (e.g. dismissal from the site) will be taken against the subcontractor and/or subcontractor's personnel if the non-conformance has not been rectified in the stipulated time.

  3.11.4 Construction Equipment Safety Inspections

  a. General

  Each item of construction equipment upon entering the site is subject to inspection. The requirement applies to equipment owned or rented by subcontractors. The inspection is done to establish whether the equipment is in safe working condition and equipped with the necessary safety accessories and devices and an up to date test certificate is available.

  For this inspection the legal requirements, if any, are to be adhered to and applicable publications by the Labor Inspection, describing construction, testing, use and maintenance of certain equipment, must be utilized and applied as the basis of a proper inspection, and afterwards, utilization of the equipment at the site.

  If necessary equipment operators and drivers are obliged to show their permits and/or licenses required for operating certain equipment.

  Subcontractors are required to maintain an inspection record of all electrical/air driven (hand) tools.

  b. Cranes

  Inspection checklist is available (see form REC26008).

  c. Passenger Automotive Vehicles

  Passenger automotive vehicles shall include all automobiles, pickup trucks, vans and buses. The required safety equipment or functions and the operational standards shall be in accordance with the legal requirements of the country of operation and client requirements for vehicles in operating plants, if applicable.

  3.12 Fire Prevention
  
  3.12.1The subject of fire prevention is an important one. The establishment and overall direction of an effective program is the responsibility of the Company Safety Engineer. However, an effective fire prevention program requires the active cooperation of client, Company and all subcontractors on the site.

  Detail fire prevention guidelines are included in Attachment C and in ref. 5.3.

  3.13First Aid/Medical Arrangements

  At the start of each job, Company shall make arrangements for first aid, medical and ambulance facilities. Each subcontractor is required to make his own first aid arrangements for the treatment of minor injuries.

  3.13.1 First Aid/Medical Facilities

  It is the practice on most Company construction projects that subcontractors provide first aid facilities for their own personnel for the treatment of minor injuries such as the removal of splinters, treatment of minor cuts and bruises and the like. For this purpose a proper first aid kit must be available in the subcontractor's site office and a subcontractor employee qualified to render first aid must be appointed. Each subcontractor shall keep a record of all first aid treatments, a copy of which is to be given to the Company Safety Engineer. Similarly, the Company Safety Engineer, or an appointed qualified Company employee, will treat the Company personnel on the job. The Company Safety Engineer shall make central arrangements for attendance to injuries that cannot be treated at site.

  Arrangements are made with:

• Client's medical facilities, if available.
• Local doctor(s) (that can also be called in to provide initial emergency treatment at site).
• Local ambulance service(s).
• Local hospitals.

  Such arrangements shall be published throughout the job site with procedural instructions as to authority and responsibility for contacting these medical support facilities.

  3.13.2First Aid Nurse

  On specific construction projects, depending upon job/location circumstances, a qualified first aid nurse may be employed with a fully equipped first aid room provided. On such projects first aid and medical attendance is provided by this central facility. Subcontractors, however, are still required to have their own first aid kits and attend to the small injuries as referred to in 3.13.1 above.

  The nurse and first aid room shall be established and operate in accordance with good practice and in full compliance with national regulations applicable.

  The Safety Engineer shall be responsible for the selection and employment of such competent personnel (nurse, first aid attendants) as required and also for the establishment of adequate first aid facilities for the job.

  The nurse will report and be responsible to the Safety Engineer for all first aid, medical control and reporting functions.

  3.13.3 First Aid Nurse Qualifications and Duties

  Prior to hiring a nurse for the project, the Office Manager must establish which local/national regulations are relevant to employing a nurse and which licenses/approvals are required for the nurse to practice first aid and medical activities on the site.

  a. Qualifications

  The following are considerations related to selection and qualification of a nurse:

  • Registered/certified for the specific task.

  • Emotional stability.

  • Good health, neat grooming, no physical disabilities or handicaps that might impair proper first aid administration in construction site situations.

  • Good attitude.

  • Prior construction or similar experience (if possible).

  • Emergency room or operating room experience preferred.

  • Ability to organize and control first aid and related activities.

  b. Duties

  • Give emergency care for all occupational injuries.

  • Requisition all first aid and medical supplies.

  • Maintain a sanitary, efficient and well-organized first aid unit.

  • Assist in accident prevention program.

  • Assist in questioning injured personnel.

  • Provide liaison with local medical support facilities (doctor, hospital, ambulance service).

  • Keep administration/record of all first aid/medical treatments.

  3.13.4 First Aid Station, Equipment and Supplies

  a.The first aid station shall be located in a separate room in the field office, or in a separate building. The station shall be of sufficient size and shall also have an entrance from the outside, with double doors, such that stretchers can be easily carried in and out.

  b. The station shall be furnished as follows:

  • Proper lighting, heating (and airconditioning, as required).

  • Hot and cold potable water with a double sink.

  • Telephone connection to the switchboard, with the possibility of making direct outside calls after working hours.

  • Portophone (if these are used on the job).

  • Desk with two chairs.

  • Medium duty metal cot with mattress, standard size.

  • Wall-type metal cabinet with shelves, two side-hinged doors.

  • Standard metal file cabinet.

  • Standard metal waste basket.

  • Entry doors with locks.

  Attachment A is a typical list of first aid supplies and first aid equipment based on normal requirements on construction job sites. Quantities have been based on a 250-500 man peak job and a 500-1000 man peak job.

  Quantities and some items may have to be adjusted according to the job. Indicated quantities of items that are normally consumed may not satisfy the complete job requirements; however, the quantities will serve to establish an initial purchase that can be adjusted at a later time during the progress of a job.

  It is recommended that the list of items, that is proposed to be purchased for use on the job site, shall be approved by the selected local doctor or hospital. Advice should also be obtained as to names of local suppliers and brands of equipment and supplies that have preference.

  3.13.5 Medical Records

  3.13.5.1 Maintenance of Records

  Medical records are maintained under the responsibility of the Office Manager, who delegates their compilation and maintenance to the nurse (or another person authorized to render first aid treatment). These are to ensure a comprehensive record of treatment, disposition and subsequent documentation for authority requirements and Company summary statistical records.

  For the benefit of personnel, as well as protection of Company’s interest, records must be accurate and timely. An audit of all records may be expected. The Safety Engineer has a responsibility, together with the Office Manager, to coordinate activities between Company, authorities and subcontractors, related to actions involving occupational injury and illness.

  3.13.5.2Management Controls

  Controls from a management standpoint that come to the attention of the Project Construction Manager and Office Manager on a regular basis are:

  a. Day Log First Aid Treatment (REC26010).

  b. First Aid Activity Report (REC26012).

  3.13.5.3 Records to be Maintained

  Occupational injury or illness reports initiated and to be maintained are:

  a. Personnel medical files

  Personnel medical files are not subject to distribution or perusal without the knowledge of the person responsible for first aid or the Office Manager.

  • Employee treatment record, no distribution (form REC26013).
  • Requests for first aid treatment.
  • Company/subcontractor first reports of injury or illness (form REC26003 or equivalent).
  • Accident investigation reports (form REC26004 or equivalent).
  • Notations of telephone and personal contacts (doctors, hospital, employer) (no distribution).

  b. Day log first aid treatments (form REC26010)

  This log records all site treatments to all persons requiring treatment or referral to medical attention, both occupational and non-occupational. No copies are to be made for distribution. Upon job completion, the log with other medical records will be sent to the home office.

  c. First aid activity report (monthly) (form REC26012)

  • Copies are sent via the Office Manager to the Project Construction Manager. After his initialling, they are sent to the job site safety file.
  • This report is for the benefit of field operations management with a copy included in the monthly progress report to the home office.

  d. Day log medical treatments (form REC26011)

  This log is maintained for all occupational injuries requiring medical treatment (more than first aid) and for injuries resulting in lost time.

  3.14 Accident/Injury/Near Miss Investigation, Reporting, Record-keeping and Follow-Up

  This article encompasses the reporting, investigation, recording and keeping of statistics of all accidents/injuries/near misses occurring, during operations under the jurisdiction of Company, to all personnel (Company and subcontractor) and the public for which Company may be responsible and/or liable. Also refer to the flow diagram (Attachment E).

  3.14.1 Purpose
  
  a. The prevention and/or substantial reduction of accidents/personal injuries.
  b. The auditing of the cost of losses incurred.
  c. Compliance with Company reporting requirements on accidents/injuries/near misses and with authority reporting requirements.
  d. The uniformity in recording, classifying and reporting occupational injuries and illnesses.
  
  3.14.2 Responsibility
  
  The Project Construction Manager has prime responsibility for initiating accident investigation. He may delegate this responsibility to the Safety Engineer or an other key member of the site organization.
  
  3.14.3 Investigation
  
  Guidelines for the investigation, feedback and reporting can be found in ref. 5. 9.
  
  The following occurrences will be subject to investigation and reporting. Also refer to "Procedure for Record Keeping of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses" (Attachment B).

• Fatalities.
• An injury to any Company or subcontractor employee for which recording and reporting are required under Company and/or national safety and health standards of construction (lost time accidents).
• Project related injury, no matter how minor in nature, to a person that is neither a Company nor a Subcontractor employee but is engaged in the project or the operation.
• Hazardous chemical or gas exposures.
• An automobile accident that arises from operation of company-owned or leased vehicles and that results in bodily injury and/or property damage. "
• Failures of major construction equipment.
• Fires.
• Near misses
  
  3.14.4Non-occupational Injuries and Illnesses

  This classification may not be readily determined at the time a person is sent to the doctor or hospital. A first report of injury (or illness) is to be completed for any clear cut or questionable occupational injury and/or illness. If it is suspected that it is non-occupational, state so on the form. If determined not to be occupational, a supplemental report of injury (or illness) must be completed and distributed to all parties receiving the first report, to set the record straight.

  3.14.5 Reports and Statistics

  a. First Report of Injury or Illness (form REC26003)
  
  1. This report shall be completed immediately for all injuries. Completion must be initiated by the subcontractor first aid representative or the Company first aider if it concerns a Company employee. On projects employing a nurse with a central first aid facility, the nurse is responsible for completing this report. This report must be completed within 24 hours after the event. Every injury, however, must be verbally reported immediately after the event to the Company Safety Engineer.
  
  2. As required by law to a Government agency.
  
  3. Distribution at site as required by Company/client.

  b. Accident Investigation Report (form REC26004)

  1. An Accident Investigation Report is to be completed for all injuries requiring more than first aid (recordable cases). Immediately following the injury and receipt of the first report of injury, the Safety Engineer shall conduct an investigation as to the circumstances and consequences of the accident. The investigation shall include interviewing the injured person's supervisor and witnesses to the accident. Accident investigation reports shall be numbered sequentially in a register. The report shall be completed as detailed as possible. If necessary, extra pages shall be used. The relevant first report of injury shall be attached to the accident investigation report.

  2. Accident investigation reports must also be made for first aid cases and near miss incidents if in the opinion of the Safety Engineer it is of benefit to Company for accident prevention.

  3. A detailed investigation is to be done for all incidents/accidents that could have, respectively have, resulted in substantial material damage and/or in personal injury. Also for near miss occurrences such detail investigation may to be undertaken. A copy of the investigation report is to be attached to the Accident/Near Miss Investigation Report.

  4. Distribution:

  • as required by Government Legislation to a national authority
  • at site distribution as required by Company/client
  • home office construction department
  • subcontractor
  • Company's Manager of Safety in the Home Office.

  5. Follow-up

  Completion of the lower section of the Accident Investigation Report relative to what action has been taken to prevent re-occurrence, is particularly important. It determines what follow-up has to be instigated at the site or in the home office of the accident and by whom. It is also important in Company's continuing efforts of accident prevention. Accident reports are distributed, by the Home Office Construction Department, to other sites, in order that also other construction projects can learn from the accident and can apply measures to help prevent occurrence of a similar accident on their site.

  Also for near miss occurrences such detail investigation may to be undertaken. A copy of the investigation report is to be attached to the Accident/Near Miss Investigation Report.

  C. Company/Subcontractor Summary of Accidents (form REC26005)

  1. Per the cut-off date of each monthly reporting period each subcontractor (and the Safety Engineer for Company) shall prepare this summary. The Safety Engineer, in conjunction with the nurse if assigned, is responsible for checking the subcontractor summaries for consistency with their own records.

  2. From the Company summary and the individual subcontractor summaries, the Safety Engineer shall prepare one summary for the overall project, for which purpose the same form is used with "overall project" clearly shown in the heading.

  3. The individual summaries, as well as the summary for the overall project, shall be used in safety discussions with supervisory staff and in toolbox meetings.

  4. The Company/Subcontractor Summary of Accident form (both the individual forms and the overall project form) are to be completed with the statistical information in accordance with the "Procedure for Record Keeping of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses" (Attachment B).

  5. Distribution:

  • at site distribution as required by Company/client

  • home office construction department

  • include in monthly field progress/cost report

  • subcontractors.

  d. Construction Accident Curve (form REC26006)

  1. This curve is also made per the cut-off date of the reporting period and is a graphical presentation of the statistical information shown on the Company/Subcontractor Summary of Accidents for the "overall project". It readily shows the trend in the incident rates.

  2. Subcontractors are expected to prepare their own accident curve forms, using the Company form. These individual curves can be used in safety discussions and in toolbox meetings.

  3. Distribution:

  • at site distribution as required by Company/client
  • home office construction department
  • include in monthly field progress/cost report
  • subcontractors.

  3.14.6 Notification

  In the event of a serious accident that requires the injured's immediate admission to a hospital, or if the injured is in imminent danger of death or has died, the following procedure shall be followed:

  1. Prompt notification of the person's family (this is his/her employer's responsibility).

  2. Prompt notification of the Project Construction Manager, authorities as required (labor inspection) and client.

  3. Prompt notification of the Manager Construction in the home office.

  3.14.7 Job Site Safety and First Aid/Medical Files

  a. The Safety Engineer maintains the safety file with the following contents:
  
  - Minutes of meeting

• SHWE (Safety) Committee
• other safety meetings
• Toolbox meetings
  

  - Correspondence

• with Company
• with subcontractors
• with client " with others
• notes of telephone and personal contacts
  
  - SHWE Plan/procedures
• Company
• client
• national/local
  
  - Inspection reports/records
• hazard identification/analyses and critical tasks
• safety non-compliances
• tours/audits
• equipment/tools
• temporary construction systems (e.g. electrical)
• miscellaneous
  
  - Induction/training
• program
• attendance records
• training records
  
  - Subcontractor (per Subcontractor)
• SHWE Plan/procedures
• list of representatives (safety/first aid)
• toolbox meeting program and meeting reports
  
  - Accident/incident
• incident reports and near miss reports
• first report of injury
• accident investigation reports "
• Company/Subcontractor summary of accidents
• Company/Subcontractor summary of accidents overall project
• accident curves
  
  - Safety promotion
• slides/posters
• campaigns
• incentive award/schemes
  
  b. Contents of the First Aid/Medical File (by nurse)
  
  Refer to chapter 3.13.5.
  
  3.15Emergency Planning and Evacuation

  3.15.1 Introduction

  Planning for emergencies is an important part of a safety program. It requires a great deal of cooperation and communication between people from various groups that would provide the type of services needed to cope with emergency situations. An overall plan should be prepared in detail to cover every conceivable emergency. It is extremely important that it is functional in a clear and practical way.

  3.15.2 Procedures and Plans

  Subject to the nature of the project (e.g. grass roots, existing plant) and the client's requirements, procedures and plans must be developed that provide clear instructions for any emergency on the site.

  Such procedures must be prepared in consultation with the client if applicable, and should cover:

  a. composition of the emergency committee;

  b. responsibility of each member of the committee;

  c. reporting of emergency. Persons to contact;

  d. establishment of emergency signals and sounding of alarms procedure;

  e. first aid/medical arrangements (local doctors, hospitals, etc.);

  f. use of site fire brigade;

  g. warning of police, civil defense, labor inspection, municipal fire brigade and other authorities as required;

  h. evacuation instructions (safe waiting areas, routes);

  i. induction, training, practical drills;

  j. instructions to security personnel (guards);

  k. specific instructions for categories of emergencies such as:

  • civil disturbances

  • major fires

  • explosions

  • escape of toxic liquid/gas

  • bomb threat

  • adverse weather conditions

  • nuclear accident

  • medical

  3.15.3Emergency Organization and Responsibilities

  As required, a committee is established comprised of people that represent the functional groups that would be expected to provide services during an emergency, e.g.:

  a. Project Construction Manager

  Directs and coordinates all emergency evaluations and actions. Maintains contact with the home office and the client's resident manager. Orders the sounding of emergency signals on the site. Orders to maintain or discontinue utility services such as power, ventilation, water and gas.

  b. Office Manager

  Regulates the use of telephones and must ensure availability of lines of communications to outside authorities that are necessary to contact. Organizes and disseminates information to public and news media releases. Instructs the guards at the gate as to traffic restriction, access of authorized personnel and officials and evacuation measures. Provides assistance to Project Construction Manager as required.

  c. Safety Engineer

  Coordinates the activities of all safety and site fire brigade personnel in case of an emergency. Provides information to the Project Construction Manager as to the amount and severity of injuries and property damage and equipment needed to minimize further damage.

  Directs and coordinates rescue and recovery operations until police, fire brigade (municipal and/or client's) and civil defense authorities have arrived. Then provides assistance as required.

  Is responsible for cordoning the emergency area and ensures that all personnel has been removed from the area of danger. Coordinates evacuation of personnel with the help of Company and subcontractor supervisory personnel.

  d. Subcontractor Construction Managers

  Proper representation from each subcontractor is to be included in planning sessions and is to be notified of all emergency/evacuation planning.

  e. Medical Personnel

  Coordinate their activities with the Safety Engineer and client's medical personnel. Provide immediate first aid or medical treatment of the injured. Call in medical assistance from first aiders, doctors and warn hospitals as required.

  3.15.4 Dissemination of Plans and Procedures
  

  a. The Safety Engineer must ensure that proper written instructions are widely disseminated relative to emergency plans and procedures.

  b. Emergency phone number(s) are to be prominently displayed on all phones utilizing highly visible stickers. Also the evacuation procedures are to be widely posted on site on highly visible stickers or posters.

  c. Subcontractor Construction Managers are responsible to see that all their personnel are properly informed about emergency plans and procedures.
  
  3.16 Safety Incentive Programs

  Safety incentive programs are project specific programs and are prepared on the basis of the needs of the project and in consultation with the client and with subcontractor(s). If, for a project site, a safety incentive program is to be prepared, the Home Office Construction Department may be contacted to obtain samples of such programs that can serve as a basis for the preparation of the program for that project.

  3.17 Policies, Rules and Regulations

  Safety, Health, Welfare and Environmental Policy, Safety Rules and Site Regulations (ref. 5.3) have been established as Company’s minimum rules applicable to the work. Subcontractors may have similar and additional rules for his specific work. However, in case of conflict between Company’s and subcontractor’s rules and regulations, the more stringent shall apply.

  3.18Work Permits

  Work permits are used to authorize work in certain dangerous circumstances or locations e.g. operating plant, deep excavations, confined spaces, if the underground condition of a site is unknown, once parts of an area of project site has been handed over to a client and other hazardous locations and circumstances requiring permit conditions.

  Attachment D, Work permits, gives more detail with regard to the application of and requirements for work permits. If appropriate, the client's work permit system shall be used.

  4. Subcontractor’s Site Safety, Health, Welfare and Environmental Plan

  In accordance with the General Terms and Conditions of Subcontract and/or the General Conditions for Construction Work for Supply and Erect Orders (ref. 5.4 and 5.8) a subcontractor must submit a SHWE Plan for his scope of work to Company within 14 days after award of the subcontract to him.

  Details with respect to the requirements of a subcontractor SHWE Plan can be found in Specification for the Preparation of a Site Safety, Health, Welfare and Environmental Plan by subcontractors (ref. 5.10).

  5. References

  	Document Number	Title	Level
  5.1	QAM-026	Safety, Health, Welfare and Environmental (SHWE) Management	1
  5.2	REC28037	Safety Audit Construction	5f
  5.3	BN-S-UC002	Safety, Health, Welfare and Environmental Policy, Safety Rules and Site Regulations	5
  5.4	BN-S-UP103	General Conditions of Subcontract	5
  5.5	Various	Standard Forms	5f
  5.6	CM-QA-001	Procedure for Internal Quality Audits	2
  5.7	BN-G-UK003	Guide for Project Audits	5
  5.8	BN-S-UP102	General Conditions for Construction Work for Supply and Erect Orders	5
  5.9	BN-G-UC006	Guide for the Investigation of Incidents, (Near Miss) Accidents	5
  5.10	BN-SP-UC001	Specification for the Preparation of a Site Safety, Health, Welfare and Environmental Plan by subcontractors	5
  5.11	BN-G-UC007	Risk Classification and Job Safety Analysis	5
  5.12	BN-S-UC003	Template Construction Phase Safety, Health, Welfare and Environment Plan (SHWE Plan)	5

  6 Attachments

  A. Contents of First Aid Station/Room

  B. Procedure for Record Keeping of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses

  C. Fire Prevention

  D. Work Permits

  E. Recording/Reporting Flow Diagram

  A. Contents of First Aid Station/Room

  A. List of First Aid Equipment (Check with first aid materials supplier)

  	Number of employees
  Item	250-500	500-1000	Description
  1	5	10	Applicators, cotton tip, ctn. 100
  2	1	1	Basin, round, stainless steel or heavy duty plastic
  3	1	1	Basket, waste, enamelled metal with cover and foot pedal
  4	1	2	Blades, scalpel, 12/pkt.
  5	2	3	Blanket, washable, synthetic, dark (one in first aid office and 1 with each stretcher)
  6	1	1	Cabinet, enamelled metal, wall type, with vertical bi-parting doors and lock
  7	1	1	Can, stainless steel, with cover, approximately 5 cm deep, 13 cm wide and 20 cm long
  8	2	2	Chair, straight-back with padded seat
  9	1	1	Cot, steel, single with mattress and plastic mattress slip cover
  10	1	1	Desk, wood or metal, with at least one standard file drawer
  11	1	1	Dispenser, for folded paper towers
  12	1	1	Forceps, needle nose, approximately 10 cm long
  13	1	1	Handle, scalpel
  14	1	1	Jar, forceps
  15	1	1	Lamp, magnifier, adjustable, with ring light
  16	1	1	Magnifying lens, 5 cm, with handle
  17	1	1	Pillow, standard bed size, synthetic fill
  18	1	2	Pillow, small, waterproof cover (1 each with each stretcher, item no. 28)
  19	2	2	Pillow cover, standard (for item no. 17)
  20	1	1	Rack, adhesive tape dispenser, with cutter, fur cut roll of adhesive tape
  21	1	1	Resuscitator, automatic Note: On jobs inside client's operating facilities, clients ofter prefer to provide resuscitation service from their first aid office.
  22	1	1	Scissors, 14 cm, surgical, blunt and sharp points
  23	1	1	Scissors, tissue, approximately 9 cm
  24	2	2	Sheet, cotton, single
  25	1	2	Sling, bridle, nylon, for stretcher, 4-point suspension with 10 cm 0-ring and with safety hook at each sling end
  26	1	2	Splint kit, inflatable
  27	1	1	Stretcher, army-type, wood or metal frame, with canvas cover
  28	1	1	Stretcher, wire basket with foot stirrups and holding straps
  29	1	2	Thermometer, oral, in case
  30	18	24	Towels, paper, folded, 250 pkt.
  31	4	4	Compressed oxygen, type D bottle (two fo resuscitator plus two spares). (Generally available from regular vendor of oxygen and acetylene).
  32	1	1	Small refrigerator

   

  B. List of First Aid Supplies (Check with first aid materials supplier)

  	Number of employees
  Item	250-500	500-1000	Description
  1	6	12	Alcohol, isopropyl, liter bottle
  2	2	3	Alka-Seltzer tablets, foil-wrapped, Ctn. (108 pkts.)
  3	12	24	Ammonia inhalant, 1/3 cc
  4	2	3	Aspirin 5-grain, 1000 btl.
  5	100	200	Bandage, adhesive, 2 cm x 7,5 cm
  6	100	200	Bandage, adhesive, 2,5 cm x 7.5 cm
  7	50	75	Bandage, adhesive, spot
  8	50	75	Bandage, adhesive, patch
  9	10	12	Bandage, adhesive, non-adhering pad 5 cm x 10 cm
  10	4	6	Bandage, elastic, 5 cm
  11	4	6	Bandage, elastic, 10 cm
  12	25	75	Closures, “butterfly”
  13	1	2	Cold-pack, small, Kwik-Kold, ctn. (16 pouches)
  14	1	2	Cotton balls, 500/bag
  15	4	6	Cream, protective, wet, 30 gram tubes
  16	4	8	Eye irrigation solution, 120 gram, plastic bottles with spout
  17	6	18	Gauze bandage, roller, “improved” or “soft” , 2,5 cm x 10 meter
  18	6	18	Gauze bandage, roller, “improved” or “soft”, 5 cm x 10 meter
  19	4	8	Gauze bandage, roller, “improved” or “soft”, 10 cm x 10 meter
  20	200	300	Gauze pads, sterile packs, 5 x 5 cm
  21	200	300	Gauze pads, sterile packs, 10 x 10 cm
  22	1	2	Gauze, tubular, finger, 50 meter box, with finger-toe applicator
  23	1	1	Kit, burn
  24	1	1	Kit, first aid, 36-unit
  25	6	12	Ointment, polysporin, 30 gram tubes
  26	1	1	Pads, eye dressing, sterile, oval, 4 x 6 cm, 25/box
  27	1	2	Peroxide, 240 gram
  28	4tbs	1can	Petroleum jelly, 30 gram tubes, 500 cm3 cans
  29	2	4	Remover, adhesive tape, 120 cm3 bottles
  30	1	2	Soap, tincture of green, pints
  31	5^	6	Tape, adhesive, for sweaty skin, 2,5 cm x 10 meter
  32	6	-	Tape, adhesive, 1,5 cm x 10 meter
  33	-	1	Tape, adhesive, roll, 1,5 cm cuts
  34	12ea	1cs	Tissues, 2-ply, 200/box, 24 bxs/case
  35	1	1	Tongue depressors, wood, 100/box refrigerator

  
  B. Procedure for Record Keeping of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses

  Table of Contents

  1. Introduction
  2. Purpose
  3. Application and Changes
  4. Definitions
  5. Measurability of Recordable Injury and Illnesses

  1. Introduction

  This procedure has been based on ANSI Standard Z16.4-1977.

  The fact that the employee or employer did not have control over the cause of a work-related case shall not be a criterion for excluding the case from being recorded under the provisions of this standard.

  Thorough investigation of all factors relating to the occurrence of each reported work-related case is essential. Determination as to whether or not the case should be considered recordable under the provisions of this procedure shall be based upon the evidence developed in such investigations. Unless there is a pre­ponderance of evidence that the case did not result from the work activity or environment of employment, the case shall be considered a work-related case. (See "Definitions" for sug­gestions as to factors to be considered).

  2. Purpose

  The purpose of this procedure is to promote uniformity in recording, classifying and reporting occupational injuries and illnesses. It is a means of evaluating programs designed to control such injuries and illnesses, and for contest and award programs.

  It provides a means of record and incidence rate keeping suitable for statistical purposes, which also allows easy comparison with industry and/or national/international statistics.

  3. Application and Changes

  This procedure is applicable to all Company construction projects. Case rates are based on 200.000 employee hours.

  4. Definitions

  Employee

  Any person engaged in activities for an employer from whom direct payment for services is received, including working owners and officers. For the purposes of this procedure employee also means subcontractors' staff and labor and personnel engaged on an agency basis.

  4.2 Exposure or Employee Hours

  The total number of hours worked by all employees, including those in operating, production, maintenance, transportation, clerical, administrative, sales, and other activities. For calculating incidence rates actual hours worked are to be used. When actual hours are not available estimated hours may be used.

  4.2.1Actual Exposure Hours

  Employee hours of exposure are to be taken from payroll or time-clock records and include actual straight time hours worked and actual overtime hours worked.

  4.2.2 Estimated Exposure Hours
  
  When actual employee hours of exposure are not available, estimated hours may be used. Such estimated hours should be obtained by multiplying the total employee days worked for the period by the average number of hours worked per day. If the hours worked per day vary among departments, a separate estimate should be made for each department and these estimates added to obtain the total hours. Estimates of overtime hours should be included.

  If employee hours are estimated, indicate the basis on which estimates are made.

  4.2.3 Employees Living on Company Property

  In calculating hours of exposure for employees who live on company property, only those hours during which employees were actually on duty are to be counted.

  4.2.4 Employees with Undefined Hours of Work

  For employees whose working hours are not defined, (e.g. when travelling), an average of 8 hours per day is to be assumed in computing exposure hours, or the normal daily working hours for the specific location/project as applicable.

  4.2.5Standby Employees

  For standby employees, who are restricted to the confines of the employer's premises, all standby hours must be counted.

  4.3Work Environment

  The work environment is comprised of the physical location, equipment, materials processed or used, and the kinds of operations performed by an employee in the performance of his work, whether on or off an employer's premises.

  4.4 Establishment

  A single physical location where business is conducted or where services or industrial operations are performed.

  4.5 First Aid

  Any one-time treatment and subsequent observation of minor scratches, cuts, burns, splinters, and so forth, which do not require medical care even though provided by a physician or registered professional personnel. (See Medical Treatment vs. First Aid below).

  4.6Medical Treatment

  Any treatment (other than first aid) administered by a physician or by registered professional personnel under the standing orders of a physician. (see First Aid vs. Medical Treatment 4.6.2 below).

  4.6.1Medical Treatment versus First Aid

  The important point to be stressed is that the decision as to whether a case involves medical treatment should be made on the basis of whether the case normally would require medical treatment. The decision cannot be made on the basis of who treats the case. First aid can be administered by a physician and medical treatment by someone other than a physician.

  It is not possible to list all types of medical procedures and treatments and on that basis alone determine if first aid or medical treatment was involved.

  For example, whirlpool treatments, heat treatments, application of hot or cold compresses, or elastic bandages are not in and of themselves either first aid or medical treatment.

  What follows is a discussion of diagnostic procedures and preventive procedures and treatments, both of which are not in and of themselves medical treatment.

  Next is a discussion of treatments that are almost always medical treatment, and comments on medical treatment and first aid for certain types of injuries.

  4.6.1.1Diagnostic Procedures

  Hospitalization for observation, where no medical treatment is rendered other than first aid, is not considered medical treatment.

  1. Visits to a physician or nurse for observation only or for a routine change of dressing are not considered medical treatment.

  2. X-ray examination for fractures is considered diagnostic procedure and as such is not considered medical treatment or first aid. Where the x-ray is negative, the case is not record­able unless the injury required other medical treatment or met one of the other criteria for recordability.

  3. Physical examination yielding few or no findings and not sub­stantiating subjective complaints in questionable cases is not considered medical treatment.

  4. Reactions to or effects of diagnostic procedures that are necessitated by a work-related injury or illness and which meet the criteria for recordability should be recorded.

  4.6.1.2Preventive Procedure and Treatments

  1. Tetanus shots, either initial shots or boosters, are considered preventive in nature and are not in and of themselves considered medical treatment. However, treatment of a reaction to a tetanus shot administered because of an injury would be considered medical treatment and would make the case recordable.

  2. Any use of prescription medication normally constitutes medical treatment. However, it should be considered first aid when a single dose or application of a prescription medication is given on the first visit merely for relief of pain or as preventive treatment for a minor injury. This situation can occur at facilities having dispensaries stocked with prescription medications frequently used for preventive treatment and relief of pain and attended by a physician or registered professional personnel operating under the standing orders of a physician. The administration of non-prescription medication in similar circumstances would be considered first aid.

  3. The application of ointments and salves to prevent the drying or cracking of skin at the site of a minor injury can be considered first aid.

  4. The application of antiseptics to minor injuries which do not themselves require medical treatment can be considered first aid. Changing the bandage or dressing on an injury which did not require medical treatment, because the bandage or dressing has become dirty, is considered first aid.

  5. Reaction to preventive medication (not administered because of an occupational injury or illness) administered in-plant (such as flu shots) would not constitute recordable case.

  6. In-plant treatment of off-the-job injuries and illnesses is not recordable.

  4.6.1.3 Treatments that are almost always Medical Treatments

  1. Suturing of any wound.

  2. Treatment of fractures.

  3. Application of a cast or other professional means of immobilizing an injured part of the body.

  4. Treatment of infection arising out of an injury.

  5. Treatment of a bruise by the drainage of blood.

  6. Surgical debridement, that is, the removal of dead or damaged tissue.

  7. Treatment of abrasions that occur to greater than full skin depth.

  8. Treatment of second- and third-degree burns.

  Note: Administration of prescription medicines is usually considered medical treatment (see Preventive Procedure and Treatment. No. 4.6.1.2 above).

  4.6.2 First Aid versus Medical Treatment

  Example for certain types of injuries:

  4.6.2.1 Cuts and Lacerations

  First Aid

  Treatment is limited to cleaning the wound, soaking, application of antiseptic or nonprescription medication, and bandaging on the first visit. Follow-up visits are limited to observation, including change of dressing and bandage. Additional cleaning and application of antiseptic are permissible as first aid where required by work duties that are likely to soil the bandage. Application of butterfly closures for cosmetic purposes only can be considered first aid.

  Medical Treatment

  The injury required butterfly closures (for non-cosmetic purposes), sutures (stitches), surgical debridement (cutting away dead tissue, treatment of infection, or other professional treatment.

  4.6.2.2Abrasions

  First Aid

  This is the same as for cuts and lacerations except that ointments can be added on follow-up visits to prevent drying and cracking of skin.

  Medical Treatment

  The injury requires careful examination for removal of embedded foreign material, multiple soakings, whirlpool treatment, treatment of infection, or other professional treatment. This is any case involving more than a minor spot-type injury. Treatment of abrasions occurring to greater than full skin depth is considered medical treatment.

  4.6.2.3 Bruises

  First Aid

  Treatment is limited to a single soaking or application of cold compresses on a minor bruise. Follow-up visits are limited only to observation.

  Medical Treatment

  The injury requires multiple soakings, draining of collected blood, or other extended care beyond observation.

  4.6.2.4 Splinters and Puncture Wounds

  First Aid

  Treatment is limited to cleaning of the wound, removal of foreign object(s) by tweezers or other simple techniques, application of antiseptics and non-prescription medications, and bandaging on the first visit. Follow-up visits are limited to observation, including change of bandage. Additional cleaning and application of antiseptic are permissible as first aid where required by work duties that are likely to soil the bandage.

  Medical Treatment

  The injury requires removal of foreign object(s) by a physician due to the depth of embedment, size or shape of the object(s), or location of the wound. This also applies to injuries requiring treatment for infection, treatment of a reaction to a tetanus booster, or other professional treatment.

  Burns, Thermal and Chemical (resulting in destruction of tissue by direct contact)

  First Aid

  Treatment is limited to cleaning or flushing of the surface; soaking; application of cold compresses, antiseptics, or nonprescription medications; and bandaging on the first visit. Follow-up visits are restricted to observation, changing of bandages, or additional cleaning. Most first degree burns are amenable to first aid treatment.

  Medical Treatment

  The injury requires a series of treatments including soaks, use of whirlpools, and surgical debridement (cutting away dead tissue). Most second- and third-degree burns require medical treatment.

  4.6.2.6Sprains and Strains

  First Aid

  Treatment is limited to soaking, application of cold compresses, and use of an elastic bandage on the first visit. Follow-up visits are for observation, possibly including reapplying a bandage.

  Medical Treatment

  The injury requires a series of hot and cold soaks, use of whirl­pools, diathermy treatment, or other professional treatment.

  4.6.2.7Eye Injuries

  First Aid

  Treatment is limited to removal of the employee to fresh air or the one-time administration of oxygen for several minutes.

  A precautionary visit (special examination) to a doctor is still considered first aid if treatment is limited to the aforementioned items. Follow-up visits are for observation only.

  Medical Treatment

  This applies to cases involving removal of embedded foreign objects, use of prescription medications, or other professional treatment.

  4.6.2.8 Inhalation of Toxic or Corrosive Gases

  First Aid
  
  Treatment is limited to removal of the employee to fresh air or the one-time administration of oxygen for several minutes.

  Medical Treatment

  This applies of any professional treatment beyond the aforementioned. It includes all cases involving loss of consciousness.

  4.7Work Related Case

  Any occupational injury suffered by an employee which results from a work accident or from an exposure involving a single incident in the work environment, and any illness caused by exposure to environmental factors associated with employment.

  The broad concept is that any injury or illness "occurring in and attributable" to the work environment is "work related".

  Work environment is comprised of the physical location, equipment, materials processed or used, and the kinds of operations performed by an employee in the performance of his work, whether on or off the employer's premises. There are no stated exclusions of place or circumstances.

  Therefore, injuries or illnesses occurring in such places as the employee park lot, lunchroom, or restroom, or during rest or lunch period on the employer's premises, can be work related. The final determination of whether any case is work related must be made by the employer. Responsibility or fault does not enter into the decision of whether a case is work related. In a doubtful situation, a case should be recorded.

  4.7.1. Occupational Injury

  Any injury such as a cut, fracture, amputation, etc., that results from a work accident or from an exposure involving a single incident or a number of incidents closely together in time in the work environment.

  4.7.2Occupational Illness

  Any abnormal condition or disorder of an employee, other than one resulting from an occupational injury, caused by exposure to environmental factors associated with employment.

  4.8Recordable Case

  Any work related injury case requiring more than first aid, and all occupational illness. Recordable cases include:

  1. Deaths, regardless of the time between occupational injury or illness and death.

  2. Injuries resulting in any of the following:

  a) lost workdays either days away from work or days of restricted work activity

  b) medical treatment other than first aid

  c) loss of consciousness

  d) restriction of work or motion (see following paragraph)

  e) temporary or permanent transfer

  f) termination of injured or ill employee.

  Loss of consciousness of the employee for any period of time is self-explanatory. Restriction of motion is not defined specifically. Each case must be judged individually to determine if there is more than a trivial amount of restricted motion, such as would occur when a small adhesive bandage was placed on the second joint of the finger. It should be noted here that damage to protheses (such as false teeth) is not in and of itself grounds for recordability unless accompanied by other damage to the body that meets the recordability criteria.

  3. All occupational illnesses, including, but not limited to, the following categories and examples:

  1. Occupational skin diseases or disorders. Examples: contact dermatitis, eczema, or rash caused by primary irritants and sensitizers, or poisonous plants; oil acne; chrome ulcers; chemical burns or inflammations. (Direct contact causing tissue damage only, resulting from a thermal of chemical burn, is classified as an injury, not an illness case.

  2. Dust diseases of the lungs (pneumoconioses). Examples: silicosis, asbestosis, coal worker's pneumoconiosis, byssinosis, and other pneumoconioses.

  3. Respiratory conditions due to toxic agents. Examples: pneumonitis, pharyngitis; rhinitis or acute congestion due to chemicals, dusts, gases or fumes; farmer's lung.

  4. Poisoning (systemic effects of toxic materials). Examples: poisoning by lead, mercury, cadmium, arsenic, or other metals; poisoning by carbon monoxide, hydrogen sulfide, or other gases; poisoning by benzol, carbon tetrachloride, or other organic solvents; poisoning by insecticide spray such as parathion, lead arsenate; poisoning by other chemicals such as formaldehyde, plastics, and resins.

  5. Disorders due to physical agents (other than toxic materials). Examples: heatstroke, sunstroke, heat exhaustion, and other effects of environmental heat; freezing; frostbite and effects of exposure to low temperatures; caisson disease; effects of ionizing radiation (isotopes, x-rays, radium); effects of nonionizing radiation (welding flash, ultraviolet rays, microwaves, sunburn).

  6. Disorders associated with repeated trauma. Examples: noise-induced hearing loss, synovitis, tenosynovitis, and bursitis, raynaud's phenomenon and other conditions due to repeated motion, vibration, or pressure.

  7. All other occupational illnesses. Examples: anthrax, brucellosis, infectious hepatitis, malignant and benign tumors, food poisoning, histoplasmosis, coccidio­idomycosis.

  Note: Any case that involves lost workdays must be recorded since it always involves one or more of the criteria for recordability.

  4.9 Lost Work Days

  (Also see 5.1.3)

  4.9.1Lost Work Days-Days Away from Work

  Days away from work are those workdays (consecutive or not) on which the employee would have worked but could not because of occupational injury or illness.

  The number of lost work days should not include the day of injury or onset of illness or any days on which the employee would not have worked even though able to work. Only full days are counted.

  4.9.2Lost Work Days-Days of Restricted Work Activity

  Days of restricted work activity are those work days (consecutive or not) on which, because of the occupational injury or illness, the employee was assigned to another job on temporary basis, worked at a permanent job less than full time, or worked at a permanently assigned job but could not perform all duties normally connected with it. The number of lost work days should not include the day of injury or onset of illness or any days on which the employee would not have worked even though able to work. Only full days are counted.

  4.10 Lost Work Day Case

  Any recordable case that results in the person being temporarily unable to perform any regular job or restricted activity on any day after the day on which the injury was sustained.

  4.10.1Lost Work Day Case with Days Away from Work

  These are cases that result in one or more days away from work. Days away from work are those work days (consecutive or not) on which the employee would have worked but could not because of occupational injury or illness. The number of lost work days should not include the day of injury or onset of illness or any days on which the employee would not have worked even though able to work.

  For example, if an employee who is scheduled to work Monday through Friday has a recordable case on Friday and returns to work on Monday, the case does not involve any days away from work even if the employee was unable to work on Friday, Saturday, or Sunday. If this same employee had been scheduled to work on Saturday, even if that Saturday constituted overtime, the Saturday would be counted as days away from work, and the case would be classified as a lost work day case with days away from work.

  For employees not having a regularly scheduled shift, for example, certain truck drivers, construction workers, farm labor, casual labor, part-time employees, etc., it may be necessary to estimate the number of lost work days. Estimates of the number of days that the employee would have worked should take into account the prior work history of the employee and days worked by employees, ill or injured, working in the same department or occupation as the ill or injured employee.

  In some cases an injured or ill employee will miss one or more scheduled days or shifts besides the day of injury or onset of illness, but it will be uncertain whether the employee was truly unable to work on the days missed.

  Such cases may arise when a doctor judges that the employee is able to work but the employee decides that he is not. In such cases, the employer should not rely solely on the doctor's opinion. He should make the final judgement himself based on all the evidence at his disposal. Again, the rule should be "when in doubt, record the case".

  4.10.2 Lost Work Day Cases with Days of Restricted Work Activity Only

  These are cases that result in one or more days of restricted work activity but do not result in any days away from work.

  Days of restricted work activity include those days (consecutive or not, but excluding the day of injury or onset of illness) on which one of the circumstances described below occurred.

  4.10.2.1 Temporary Assignment

  The employee was assigned to another job on a temporary basis. Even if the employee normally shifts from job to job with an occupational classification, if any switch or transfer is occasioned by a work-related injury or illness, the case involves days of restricted work activity. Such days are meant to cover all days on which the employee was unable to contribute a full day's work on all parts of his permanent job. In cases where an employee is not working at his regular job and is injured or becomes ill and is transferred back to his original job, which he can perform without limitation, there are no days of restricted work activity.

  4.10.2.2 Loss of Part of Shift

  The employee worked at a permanent job less than his full shift or normal day. Loss of a full day or shift would constitute a lost work day away from work.

  4.10.2.3 Restricted Work Activity

  The employee worked at a permanently assigned job but could not perform all duties normally connected with it. All days (excluding the day of injury or onset of illness) for which the employee was scheduled to work and could not perform all or any part of his normal assignment during all or any part of the work day or shift should be considered days of restricted activity.

  5. Measurability of Recordable Injury and Illnesses

  5.1 Incidence Rates

  Injury and illness experience can best be expressed as an incidence rate. Expressions of incidents per 200.000 employee hours worked (approx. 100 employee years) have been selected as follows:

  5.1.1 Recordable Case Rate

  This incidence rate is based upon the total number of recordable cases, as defined under 4.8, that occurred during the period covered by the rate. The following formula should be used:

  Recordable Case Rate	=	No. of recordable cases x 200.000
  		Exposure or employee hours

  5.1.2 Lost Time Case Rate

  This incidence rate is based upon the total number of recordable cases which resulted in death, plus the number of lost work day cases with days away from work, as defined under 4.10, that occurred during the period covered by the rate. The following formula should be used.

  Lost Time Case Rate	=	No. of lost time cases x 200.000
  		Exposure or employee hours

  5.1.3 Severity Rate

  This incidence rate is based upon the total number of workdays lost (4.9), that occurred during the period covered by the rate. The following formula should be used.

  Severity Rate	=	No. of lost workdays x 200.000
  		Exposure or employee hours

  For calculating the severity rate, the following must be taken into account also.

  5.1.3.1Each death resulting from occupational injury or illness is assigned a time charge of 6000 days.

  5.1.3.2 Each permanent total disability resulting from an occupational injury or illness is assigned a time charge of 6000 days.

  (A permanent total disability is any injury or illness other than death that permanently and totally incapacitates an employee from following any gainful occupation, or which results in the loss or the complete loss of use of any of the following in one accident: both eyes; one eye and one hand, arm, leg, or foot; any two of the following not on the same limb: hand, arm, foot, or leg).

  5.1.3.3 Each case of permanent loss or loss of use of a part of the body resulting from an occupational injury or illness is assigned a time charge in days in accordance with schedules given in Table A1 and Fig. A1.

  Disregard any actual lost workdays; use scheduled days only!

  The days charged due to permanent impairment of function are that percentage of the scheduled charge that corresponds to the percentage of loss of function determined by the physician treating the case.

  Thus, to determine the Severity rate the following is applicable:

  Add:

  • The numbers of lost workdays in lost workday cases, plus

  • Any scheduled days charged as determined in 5.1.3.1 thru 5.1.3.3, for deaths, cases of permanent total disability, or loss of parts of the body or their function, and enter the total days in the formula under 5.1.3.

  5.2 Tabulation of Scheduled Charges

   

  A. For Loss of Member - Traumatic or Surgical
  Fingers, Thumb, and Hand (see Figure A1)
  				Fingers
  Amputation involving all or part of bone*	Hand	Thumb	Index	Middle	Ring	Little
  Distal phalange	-	300	100	75	60	6
  Middle phalange	-	-	200	150	120	10
  Proximal phalange	-	600	400	300	240	20
  Metacarpal	-	900	600	500	450	40
  Hand at wrist	3000	-	-	-	-	-
  Toe, Foot, and Ankle (see Figure A1)
  Amputation involving all or part of bone	Foot		Great Toe		Each Other Toes
  Distal phalange	-		150		35
  Middle phalange	-		-		75
  Proximal phalange	-		300		150
  Metatarsal	-		600		350
  Foot at ankle	2400		-		-
  Arm
  Any point above elbow, including shoulder joint						4500
  Any point above wrist and at or below elbow						3600
  Leg
  Any point above knee						4500
  Any point above ankle and at or below knee						3000
  B. Impairment of Function
  One eye (loss of sight), whether or not there is sight in the other eye						1800
  Both eyes (loss of sight), in one accident						6000
  One ear (complete industrial loss of hearing), whether or not there is hearing in the other ear						600
  Both ears (complete industrial loss of hearing) in one accident						3000
  Unrepaired hernia						50
  * If the bone is not involved, use actual days lost. The tuft of the distal bone of a finger or toe is considered bone if it shows in X-rays.

   

  Chart of Scheduled Charges for Hand and Foot

   

  

  NOTES:

  (1) Numbers on the bones are the charges for loss involving part or all of the bone.

  (2) The tuft of the distal bone in a finger or toe is considered bone if it shows in x-rays.

  Fig. A1

  C. Fire Prevention

  Table of Contents

  1. Introduction
  2. Objectives
  3. Prevention of Fires
  4. Detect Fires Early
  5. Control of Fire Speed
  6. Extinguish the Fires
  7. Site Fire Brigades
  8. Inherent Fire Hazards

  1. Introduction

  This chapter provides the guidelines, instructions, requirements and responsibilities pertinent to a program of fire hazard control.

  Although responsibility for the establishment and supervision of an effective program is assigned to the Safety Manager, each subcontractor is responsible for compliance with the system requirements in their respective areas and in operations by personnel under their supervision.

  2. Objectives

  The fire prevention program is based upon five objectives:

  1. prevention of fires;

  2. early detection;

  3. control of fire speed;

  4. prompt extinguishment;

  5. plan for prompt and orderly evacuation of personnel.

  3. Prevention of Fires

  The following practices are to be followed:

  1. provide regular clean-up of all debris;

  2. regular thorough inspections of the work areas and buildings to detect and eliminate fire hazards or the potential sources of fire;

  3. safe storage, handling and use of combustible materials.

  4. Detect Fires Early

  1. all personnel must be constantly alert in detection fires;

  2. if Safety Manager or client requires for specific activity automatic fire detection and alarm systems shall be utilized.

  5. Control of Fire Speed

  1. provide enough fire extinguishers of the correct type and size;

  2. the fire extinguishers must be strategically located;

  3. mark the fire extinguishers clearly and make then highly visible;

  4. regularly inspect all fire equipment;

  5. early availability of scheduled fire lines;

  6. provide pumps where necessary.

  6. Extinguish the Fires

  The extinguishment of fires often involves critical matters of judgement, which are best exercised by trained fire fighting personnel. However, it will be necessary to control the fire until trained fire fighting personnel can decide on the correct method of extinguishment.

  7. Site Fire Brigades

  Depending upon the scope and nature of operations, Company and subcontractors may be required to establish a site fire brigade for fire prevention, fire control and rescue work.

  Arrangements must also be made by the Safety Manager with local government or other fire brigades to serve as support in fighting site fires.

  7.1 Fire Safety Supervisor

  If a fire brigade has to be established for the project, Company and its subcontractors will be required to designate a Fire Safety Supervisor who shall have the following duties:

  1. act as chief of the fire brigade;

  2. conduct weekly inspections of the job site for fire hazards and compliance with fire program requirements;

  3. supervise the required monthly fire extinguisher inspections, including the performance of any required tests;

  4. initiation of requests and requisitions for fire protective equipment, material and routine assistance;

  5. establish and coordinate emergency fire plans for evacuation of personnel from their respective work areas or structures;

  6. assist in fighting fires, in rescue and in salvage operations;

  7. participate in safety meetings to ensure the continuity and effectiveness of the fire program.

  7.2 Guidelines for Organization, Training and Function of a Fire Brigade

  1. all personnel on site should have received instruction in using portable fire extinguishers;

  2. personnel who have previous fire fighting training and experience should be selected as fire brigade personnel;

  3. the brigade should be familiarized with the job site fire hazards, the classifications, and methods of control in the event of a fire;

  4. the brigade members should be made competent by training in the use of available fire fighting equipment on the job site and shall be notified of any temporary or long-term changes in respect of operability and availability of that equipment;

  5. the brigade should be advised as to the availability of off-site fire fighting supports, how and when such support is called for, and the brigade's responsibilities when the project support is involved in the fighting of a fire in the area.

  8. Inherent Fire Hazards

  Special consideration shall be given to the inherent fire hazards existing within each area. Because of the inherent fire hazard existing with highly flammable products, widespread use of oil and gasoline, and the existence of many sources of electrical powered equipment, the following shall be considered when installing fire extinguishers:

  1. type of building construction and interior finish;

  2. concentration of personnel in the area;

  3. the value of contents in the building or areas and the value of the premises;

  4. the rapidity with which fire may spread in the area;

  5. exposure of the building or structures to exterior fire hazards;

  6. the amount and flammability of materials stored in buildings or areas;

  7. availability of fire fighting assistance;

  8. the area and arrangement of the building;

  9. the anticipated classes of fires;

  10. the travel distance to reach any and all extinguishers in the area or structure.

  D. Work Permits

  Table of Contents

  1. Preamble
  2. Hot Work Permit
  3. Cold Work Permit
  4. Excavation Permit
  5. Enclosed Space Entry Permit
  6. Electrical Work/Switch Permit
  7. Radiographic Inspection Permit

  1. Preamble

  Company has developed work permits which will be applied when:

  • a client's system is not available or applicable;

  • work to be performed is of such a nature and in such an environment that specific measures have to be clearly identified and adhered to;

  • Project Construction Manager requires the use of work permits.

  The subcontractor representative shall complete and sign the permit form and apply for approval through the respective Company discipline specialist.

  The subcontractor shall attach a plot plan to the permit form, showing the exact work location for which the permit will be applicable.

  The Company discipline specialist (issuing authority) must approve the permit. (Approval signatures are to be obtained in sequence as indicated on the permit).

  The requirements stated on a permit shall be adhered to. Deviation from instructions given on the permit for the execution of an activity is not allowed. The issuing authority may alter or add any requirement on/to the permit after issue, but will have to initial the alterations/additions on the permit.

  A permit is valid on the day of issue and for the times specified only. At the end of each working day the subcontractor representative shall return the permit to the Company issuing authority.

  The following permits are available:

  • Hot Work Permit form REC26015

  • Cold Work Permit form REC26016

  • Excavation Permit form REC26017

  • Enclosed Space Entry Permit form REC26018

  • Electrical Work/Switch Permit form REC26019

  • Radiographic Inspection Permit form REC26020

  Advice concerning permit safety measures can be obtained from the Company Safety Manager.

  A copy of all work permits is to be handed to the Company Safety Manager to keep him advised of ongoing activities under permit conditions.

  2. Hot Work Permit Introduction

  Hot Work Permits are a required to safely execute activities in an environment where the creation of a spark could instigate a calamity situation endangering not only the person performing the activity, but also any other person(s) in the vicinity of the activities.

  Hot Work Permits are therefore "actual place" restricted.

  2.2 Requirements

  Hot Work Permits are required for the following activities:

  • arc welding;
  • gas welding/burning;
  • grinding/drilling/chipping;
  • stress relieving;
  • hot tap/cold tap;
  • breaking of concrete pneumatically
  The subcontractor shall obtain a Hot Work Permit from the issuing authority prior to the commencement of work activities.

  The subcontractor shall attach a plot plan to each permit, showing the exact work location for which the permit is applicable.

  The issuing authority is responsible for completing the permit and to check on execution and adherence to safety measures prescribed.

  (Approval signatures are to be obtained in sequence as indicated on the permit).

  Issuing authorities for Company are:

  • Construction Superintendent;

  • Piping Specialist;

  • Mechanical Specialist;

  • Civil Specialist;

  • Electrical Specialist;

  • Instrument Specialist.

  3. Cold Work Permit

  3.1 Introduction

  A Cold Work Permit may be required to execute work if circumstances are such that measures/safeguards have to be stipulated to safely execute such work.

  Cold Work Permits are "actual place" restricted and may be required for the following activities:

  • miscellaneous civil works;

  • painting activities;

  • insulation activities;

  • aligning of equipment;

  • mechanical activities (spanner work);

  • cabling and field connection activities.

  The subcontractor shall obtain a Cold Work Permit from the issuing authority prior to the commencement of work activities.

  The subcontractor shall attach a plot plan to each permit, showing the exact work location for which the permit is applicable.

  The issuing authority is responsible for completing the permit and to check on execution/adherence to safety measures prescribed.

  (Approval signatures are to be obtained in sequence as indicated on the permit).

  Issuing authorities for Company are:

  • Construction Superintendent;

  • Piping Specialist;

  • Mechanical Specialist;

  • Civil Specialist;

  • Electrical Specialist;

  • Instrument Specialist.

  4. Excavation Permit

  4.1Introduction

  Excavation Permits are issued to safeguard underground installations whether they are PERMANENT or TEMPORARY. Damaging underground installations by excavation activities on or near an operating plant this may instigate a calamity.

  4.2Requirements

  For grass root sites, Company Excavation Permits will be used for soil penetrations with a depth greater than 0.5 meters, when underground facilities have been installed or are expected to be present.

  The subcontractor shall obtain an Excavation Permit from the issuing authority prior to the commencement of work activities.

  The subcontractor shall attach a plot plan to each permit, showing the exact work location for which the permit is applicable.

  The issuing authority is responsible for completing the Permit and to check on execution and adherence to safety measures prescribed.

  (Approval signatures are to be obtained in sequence as indicated on the permit).

  Issuing authorities for Company are:

  • Construction Superintendent;

  • Piping Specialist;

  • Mechanical Specialist;

  • Civil Specialist;

  • Electrical Specialist;

  • Instrument Specialist.

  All Excavation Permits, besides the signature of the issuing authority must be countersigned by the Piping, Instrument and Electrical Specialists who may require that existing underground installations are located by means of excavation by hand/handtools.

  5. Enclosed Space Entry Permit

  Introduction

  Enclosed Space Entry Permits are a mandatory requirement for anyone who has to enter:

  • an area or space with one restricted entry/exit opening where it can be expected that insufficient (natural) ventilation is available;

  • an area or space with restricted entry/exit openings having contained chemicals, hydrocarbons or inert gases.

  5.2Requirements

  The subcontractor shall obtain a Enclosed Space Entry Permit from the issuing authority prior to the commencement of work activities.

  The subcontractor shall attach a plot plan to each permit, showing the exact work location for which the permit is applicable.

  The issuing authority is responsible for completing the permit and check on execution and adherence to safety measures prescribed.

  (Approval signatures are to be obtained in sequence as indicated on the permit).

  After opening the manhole(s), a sign must be posted across the entry/exit opening reading:

  "ENCLOSED SPACE" "ENTRY PERMIT REQUIRED"

  Prior to entry of the enclosed space a manhole watch is to be appointed. He must be instructed and must be equipped with the required personal protection equipment as stated on the permit. It is the responsibility of the manhole watch to ensure that entrants wear the required personal protection equipment and that communication signals and frequency are established.

  Under no circumstances is the manhole watch allowed to leave his post unless all entrants have exited the enclosed space. A person entry/exit checklist is recommended.

  Communication means shall be established with (subcontractors) supervision so that the manhole watch can summon assistance in case of an emergency.

  Depending on the contents of the enclosed area/space prior to entry and the results of repeated gas tests, time spent inside the enclosed area/space may have to be restricted. Such restriction will be noted on the permit.

  Issuing authorities for Company are:

  • Construction Superintendent;

  • Mechanical Specialist.

  Gas test authority for Company is:

  • Company Safety Engineer or his appointed delegate.

  
  6. Electrical Work/Switch Permit

  6.1 Introduction
  
  Electrical Work/Switch Permits are issued to ensure that activities performed on electrical installations are executed with a maximum safety awareness.

   

  Work on electrical installations utilizing 110, 220, 380 Volts AC. are described in the permit as:

  • DANGER HIGH TENSION (< 1000 Volts)

  Work on electrical installations where electrical currents of more than 1000 Volts AC. are or will be present, are described in the permit as:

  • DANGER HIGH TENSION (> 1000 Volts)

  6.2Requirements

  The subcontractor shall obtain an Electrical Work/Switch Permit from the issuing authority prior to the commencement of work activities.

  The subcontractor shall attach a plot plan to each permit, showing the exact work location for which the permit is applicable.

  The issuing authority is responsible for completing the Permit and to check on execution and adherence to safety measures prescribed.
  (Approval signatures are to be obtained in sequence as indicated on the permit).

  When activities have to be executed in areas where above conditions are present, a person familiar with electrical first aid treatment must be present in these areas at all times.

  Issuing authorities for Company are:

  • Electrical Specialist;

  • Instrument Specialist.

  7. Radiographic Inspection Permit

  7.1 Introduction

  Radiographic Inspection Permits are issued to ensure that NO inspection work is performed in the vicinity of personnel not to be exposed to ionizing radiation.

  All measures must be taken to ensure that no personnel on site will unknowingly be exposed to radiation.

  Therefore, radiographic inspections will, as a rule, be carried out after working hours when personnel on site can be reduced to a minimum.

  7.2Requirements

  The subcontractor shall obtain a Radiographic Inspection Permit from the issuing authority prior to the commencement of work activities.

  The subcontractor shall attach a plot plan to each permit, showing the exact work location for which the permit is applicable.

  The issuing authority is responsible for completing the permit and to check on execution and adherence to safety measures prescribed.

  (Approval signatures are to be obtained in sequence as indicated on the permit).

  Issuing authorities for Company are:

  • Construction Superintendent;

  • Piping Specialist.

  F. Recording/Reporting Flow Diagram