Input variables

Generic variables

These variables can be found in virtually all reports as input variables

Design Pressure – P_d: Pressure assumed to be present in the component according to the design terms
Design Temperature – T_d: Temperature assumed to be present in the component according to the design terms
Material: Name of selected material used for the construction of the component

These variables are component specific

Outside Diameter – D_e: Outside diameter of the attached part. The diameter runs from the outside of the wall to the opposite outside of the wall, through the center of the circle.
Nominal Thickness – d_n: Thickness ‘as is’, meaning it is the design thickness taking into account corrosion and tolerance.
Corrosion – Ca: Amount of thickness that accounts for the possible effects of corrosions.
Tolerance – tol: Tolerance in thickness for production
Strength reduction coefficient – z: Effectiveness of the strength, depending on whether joints are seamless, welded, or expected to perform worse than the base material properties
Radius miter bend – R: Radius of the miter bend from the origin of curvature and perpendicular to the neutral axis of the bend. The neutral axis follows the centerlines of the segments.
Total deflection angle miter bend – Angle: The angle of the total deflection the miter bend makes, i.e. the angle between the centerlines of the attached pipes.
Number of Segments – NoS: The number of segments in which the bend is divided.

Miter Bend

Miter Bend Widely Spaced

Miter Bend Closely Spaced

Allowable Stress at Temperature – f: Stress in the component at which it is still allowed (without failure) to use the component
Allowable stress at 20 °C – f_t: Stress in the component at which it is still allowed (without failure) to use the component at 20 °C ambient temperature
Miter bend cut angle – φ: Cutting angle between the different segments.
Segment length at centerline – L_s: Length of the segment measured at the centerline.
Minimum segment length at centerline – L_{s min}: Minimum required segment length measured at the centerline.
Nominal Required Thickness – d_rn: Based on the input, this is the calculated thickness that is required to sustain the loads. The nominal value should be smaller than the nominal design thickness.
Ratio outside diameter to thickness – D_e / d: Ratio for the relationship with P_d / f and φ in figure 2.
Maximum Allowable Working Pressure – MAWP: The maximum pressure at which the component can be used in operation. This value should be larger than the design pressure.
Design margin – P_d / MAWP: Ratio of the design pressure to MAWP
Maximum Allowable Test Pressure – MATP: The maximum pressure at which the component should be tested and survive.

Design temperature material is out of scope.: The material properties are not available at the design temperature.
Number of segments is out of scope: required is NoS ≥ 2: A miterbend has at least 2 segments.
Angle of miter cut is out of scope: required is φ ≤ 22.5°: This code determines a maximum angle.
Segment length is out of scope: required is L_s ≥ L_smin: This code determines a minimum length.
Miter bend is not allowed in creep range.: This code determines that miter bends are not applicable in the creep range.
Ratio of diameter to thickness is out of scope: required 20 ≤ D_e/d ≤ 200 (fig. 2).: Fig.2 shows a relationship between d /D_e versus P_d /f

Can’t find material ‘MaterialName’ in database: Material could not be found in database. Select an existing material name, or select another material via the material selection window.
Insufficient wall thickness: Wall thickness is insufficient to bear the applied loads. Increase the wall thickness.

Can't calculate required thickness. Please check input data.: An error occured in the calculation for the required thickness.